UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) Practice Test

What does 'in vain' refer to?

1. Successfully achieving a goal

2. Making a significant effort

3. Acting without success

4. Trying harder despite difficulties

The correct answer is: Acting without success

The phrase 'in vain' refers to actions or efforts that are ultimately unsuccessful or futile, highlighting a lack of desired results despite the efforts put in. When someone does something 'in vain,' they make an attempt with no positive outcome. This aligns perfectly with the context of the term, as it emphasizes the disappointment that accompanies an effort that yields no success or achievement. In contrast, the other options imply positive outcomes or progress, which do not reflect the meaning of 'in vain.' For example, achieving a goal or making significant effort suggests success, while trying harder despite difficulties indicates perseverance toward achieving a positive result. None of these capture the essence of acting that ultimately leads to no success, which is the core meaning of the term.